APA 6th - book

Format (Electronic)

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

O’Sullivan, T. (1999). Decision making in social work. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-14369-6

Trahar, S. (2011). Learning and teaching narrative inquiry. Retrieved from http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/

Leggott, M. (2014). Heartland. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University Press.

Northouse, P. G. (2015). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Format (Electronic)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, & Seven. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, & Seven. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, & Seven. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Cooper, C. L., & Dewe, P. (2008). Stress: A brief history. doi:10.1002/9780470774755

 Note: doi may also be in this format - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470774755

Nigh, K., Irwin, M., & Miller, J. P. (2014). Teaching from the thinking heart: Practice of holistic education. Retrieved from https://www.ebscohost.com/ebooks

Brozo, W. G., Moorman, G. B., & Meyer, C. K. (2014). Wham!: Teaching with graphic novels across the curriculum. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

Peat, J., & Lockyer, J. (2010). Geography on the edge: Geography for NCEA level one (2nd ed. rev.). South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Nelson Cengage Learning.

List the first six authors' names, insert ellipses, then add the last author.

Format (Electronic)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, ... Last. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, ... Last. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, ... Last. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Crawley, R. B., Dockery, L. M., Branson, T. S., Carmichael, L. E., Carson, J. C., Findlay, A. F., ... Smith, D. M. (2015). Manor houses of the early 1900s. doi:10.1234/9876543219876

Epstein, O., Perkin, G. D., Cookson, J., Watt, I. S., Rakhit, R., Robins, A., . . . Clement, F. (n.d.). Clinical library examination. Edinburgh, Scotland: Mosby.

Note: Group could be an organisation, association, government department, study group, etc. If the group is also the publisher, use the word Author for the publisher’s name.

Format (Electronic)

Name of Organisation. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Name of Organisation. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Name of Organisation. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

World Bank Group. (2016). Doing business 2016: Measuring regulatory quality and efficiency (13th ed.). doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0667-4

World Health Organization. (2012). Global plan for insecticide resistance management in malaria vectors. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/gpirm/en/

Accident Compensation Corporation. (1983). Compensation at work: A guide to the employer's accident compensation liability. Wellington, New Zealand: Author.

If the author is unknown, place the title in the author position followed by the date of publication. 

Format (Electronic)

Title of book (Edition). (Year of publication). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Title of book (Edition). (Year of publication). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Title of book (Edition). (Year of publication). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare. (2014). doi:10.1201/b17714

Reading women's lives: An introduction to women's studies. (1997). Needham Heights, MA: Simon & Schuster Custom.

In an edited book where chapters or sections are written by different authors, reference the specific chapter that has been cited. Include the page numbers for the whole chapter.

Format (Electronic)

Author of Chapter. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Author of Chapter. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Author of Chapter. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Carrega, P. (2004). Heavy rainfall hazards. In R. Casale & C. Margottini (Eds.), Natural disasters and sustainable development (pp. 127-139). doi:10.1007/978-3-662-08905-7_8

Wosnitza, M., Helker, K., & Eugster, B. (2013). Universities as a place of self-regulated vocational education and training. In S. Weber, F. Achtenhagen, & F. Oser (Eds.), Proceedings in Vocational Education and Training: Vol. 1. From Diagnostics to Learning Success (pp. 11-23). doi:10.1007/978-94-6209-191-7_2

Vultee, D. (2012). William Blake (1757-1827). In M. Eaves, R. N. Essick, & J. Viscomi (Eds.), The William Blake archive. Retrieved from http://www.blakearchive.org/blake/staticpage/biography

Maughan, P. D. (2003). Focus groups. In E. A. Dupuis (Ed.), Developing web-based instruction: Planning, designing, managing, and evaluating for results (pp. 107-127). London, England: Neal-Schuman.

Pompili, M. (2012). Smoking as a risk factor for suicide. In M. Pompili (Ed.), Exploring the phenomenon of suicide (pp. 211-251). New York, NY: Nova Science.  

For a dictionary/encyclopaedia entry when there is no author, place the title of the entry in the author's place followed by the year of publication. Include the page number/s for the entry.

For a wikipedia entry there is no year of publication, use the abbreviaton (n.d.) for no date, also include the date of retrieval.

Format (Electronic)

Title of entry. (Year of publication). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). doi:Digital Object Identifier

Title of entry. (Year of publication). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). Retrieved from URL

Title of entry. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL

Format (Print)

Title of entry. (Year of publication). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Quality function deployment. (2014). In The lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare (p. 63). doi:10.1201/b17714

Change management. (n.d.) In Wikipedia. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management.

Vein. (2002). In B. Hoare (Ed.), The Kingfisher A-Z encyclopedia (p. 350). London, England: Kingfisher.

Place the editor's name where the author would normally appear, followed by (Ed.) or (Eds.).

Note: Only use for anthologies, collected works, etc. For chapters/sections written by different authors in an edited book see chapter/section information.

Format (Electronic)

Editor (Ed.). (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). doi:Digital Object Indentifier

Editor (Ed.). (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Retrieved from URL

Format (Print)

Editor (Ed.). (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition). Place of Publication: Publisher.

Examples

Adler, G., & Hull, R. F. C. (Eds.). (2014). Collected Works of C.G. Jung (Vol. 6). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/

McDonald, L. (Ed.). (2005). Florence Nightingale on women, medicine, midwifery and prostitution. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.

If the DOI is not availabe, use the URL that the ebook was downloaded from.

Format

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition) [E-book version]. doi:Digital Object Indentifier

Author. (Year of publication). Title of book (Edition) [E-book version]. Retrieved from URL

Example

Leaffer, M. A. (2014). Understanding copyright law (6th ed.) [Kindle DX version]. Retrieved from http://www.amazon.com

• Avoidance is often encountered among staff who are undervalued in the workplace (Northouse, 2015). Another observation by Northouse (2015) is that avoidance can be counterproductive and lead to stress and conflict.
• Northouse (2015) argues that avoidance is often encountered among staff who are undervalued in the workplace. Northouse further claims that this can be counterproductive and lead to stress and conflict.

Use ‘and’ between the authors' surnames when they form part of the sentence. Use ‘&’ when they are enclosed within brackets.

• ... devastation of earthquakes (Peat & Lockyer, 2010). Tsunamis, according to Peat and Lockyer (2010), are ...
• Peat and Lockyer (2010) investigate why such events ... According to Peat and Lockyer, geography has an important part ...

List all authors in the first citation, but subsequently only use the first listed author followed by et al.

• ... comic books were disregarded as childish entertainment for poor readers (Brozo, Moorman, & Meyer, 2014). But in their study, Brozo et al. (2014), found the majority of audiences were in fact very capable readers.
• According to Brozo, Moorman, and Meyer (2014), comic books were disregarded as childish entertainment for poor readers. But in their study, Brozo et al. found the majority of audiences were in fact very capable readers.

Cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al.

• ... climatic extremes in New Zealand (Plummer et al., 1999). Plummer et al. (1999) discovered that drought conditions ...
• In a recent study, Plummer et al. (1999) found that precipitation had increased over this century. According to Plummer et al., climatic impacts are ...

Use the the name of the group as it appears in your reference list. However, the group name can be abbreviated. The first time cite the full name with the abbreviation. Subsequently only use the abbreviation. If the reader could be confused by the abbreviation use the full group name each time.

• Denmark has the most efficient process for property transfers (World Bank Group, 2016). The World Bank Group (2016) identified Greece as having the worst process with 10 different procedures needing to be completed before the property transfer is registered. 

• ... compensation guide (Accident Compensation Corporation [ACC], 1983). OR The Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC, 1983) gives guidance as to the employer's liability.

Subsequently cite the name of the group in the abbreviated form.

Employee accidents at work will receive compensation (ACC, 1983). ACC (1983) stated that liability is the responsibility of the employer. 

For the title of the entry in a dictionary/encyclopaedia use Title Case and double quotation marks.  For a long title use only the first few words.

• ... process that helps product teams understand customer requirements ("Quality Function Deployment," 2014). 
• "Quality Function Deployment" (2014) suggests that product teams need to understand customer requirements.

 Note: In the reference list use Sentence case i.e. only capitalise the first word of the title. 

Example:

Quality function deployment. (2014). In The lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare (p. 63). doi:10.1201/b17714