APA 7th - book

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

O’Sullivan, T. (1999). Decision making in social work. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14369-6

Ringer, J. (2014). Dancing through it: My journey in the ballet. Penguin Publishing Group. https://www.kobo.com/nz/en/ebook/dancing-through-it

Leggott, M. (2014). Heartland. Auckland University Press.

Northouse, P. G. (2015). Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice (3rd ed.). Sage.

Shaw, A. (1986). Black popular music in America: From the spirituals, minstrels, and ragtime to soul, disco, and hip-hop. Schirmer Books; Collier Macmillan.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, & Twenty. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publiser. https://doi.org/xxx 

Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, & Twenty. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, & Twenty. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Cooper, C. L., & Dewe, P. (2008). Stress: A brief history. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470774755

Wohlforth, C., & Hendrix, A. R. (2016). Beyond Earth: Our path to a new home in the planets. Penguin Random House. https://bit.ly/2NGdnEn

Reinfeld, M., Pihama, L., & Cameron, N. (2015). Tū ka ora: Traditional healing stories from Taranaki. Tū Tama Wahine o Taranaki.

Peat, J., & Lockyer, J. (2010). Geography on the edge: Geography for NCEA level one (2nd ed. rev.). Nelson Cengage Learning.

Weiss, P., & Taruskin, R. Music in the Western World. Schirmer Books; Collier Macmillan.

List the first nineteen authors' names, insert ellipses, then add the last author.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, ... Last. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). https://doi.org/xxx 

Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, ... Last. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Author One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six, Seven, Eight, Nine, Ten, Eleven, Twelve, Thirteen, Fourteen, Fifteen, Sixteen, Seventeen, Eighteen, Nineteen, ... Last. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Crawley, R. B., Dockery, L. M., Branson, T. S., Carmichael, L. E., Carson, J. C., Findlay, A. F., Obama, B., Clinton, B., Bush, G. W., Kennedy, J. F., Smith, B., Brown, A., Jones, R. W., Gault, S., McVinnie, R., Pearson, G., Taylor, L., Li, L., Wong, B., ... Smith, D. M. (2015). Manor houses of the early 1900s. Black Books. https://doi.org/10.1234/9876543219876

Epstein, O., Perkin, G. D., Cookson, J., Watt, I. S., Rakhit, R., Robins, A., Nielsen, L. M., Cook, S.M., Hobson, J. M., Foggin, S. M., Wilson, A., Clark, M. P., Wang, S., Doughty, L., Kilpatrick, J., O'Brien, A., Parsons, J., Parsons, M, Jacobs, S., . . . Clement, F. (n.d.). Clinical library examination. Mosby.

Note: Group could be an organisation, association, government department, study group, etc. If the group is also the publisher, omit the publisher’s name from the reference.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Name of Organisation. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Name of Organisation. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Name of Organisation. (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

World Bank Group. (2016). Doing business 2016: Measuring regulatory quality and efficiency (13th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0667-4

World Health Organization. (2012). Global plan for insecticide resistance management in malaria vectors. https://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/gpirm/en/

Accident Compensation Corporation. (1983). Compensation at work: A guide to the employer's accident compensation liability.

Mauri Ora Associates. (2010). Best health outcomes for Pacific Peoples: Practice implications. Medical Council of New Zealand.

If the author is unknown, place the title in the author position followed by the date of publication. 

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Title of book (Edition). (Copyright date). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx

Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Title of book (Edition). (Copyright date). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Title of book (Edition). (Copyright date). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare. (2014). Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17714

Reading women's lives: An introduction to women's studies. (1997). Simon & Schuster Custom.

In an edited book where chapters or sections are written by different authors, reference the specific chapter that has been cited. Include the page numbers for the whole chapter.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Author of Chapter. (Copyright date). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Author of Chapter. (Copyright date). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Author of Chapter. (Copyright date). Title of chapter. In Editor (Ed.), Title of book (Edition, pp. pages of the chapter). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Carrega, P. (2004). Heavy rainfall hazards. In R. Casale & C. Margottini (Eds.), Natural disasters and sustainable development (pp. 127-139). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08905-7_8

Wosnitza, M., Helker, K., & Eugster, B. (2013). Universities as a place of self-regulated vocational education and training. In S. Weber, F. Achtenhagen, & F. Oser (Eds.), Proceedings in vocational education and training: Vol. 1. From diagnostics to learning success (pp. 11-23). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-191-7_2

Vultee, D. (2012). William Blake (1757-1827). In M. Eaves, R. N. Essick, & J. Viscomi (Eds.), The William Blake archive. http://www.blakearchive.org/blake/staticpage/biography

Maughan, P. D. (2003). Focus groups. In E. A. Dupuis (Ed.), Developing web-based instruction: Planning, designing, managing, and evaluating for results (pp. 107-127). Neal-Schuman.

Pompili, M. (2012). Smoking as a risk factor for suicide. In M. Pompili (Ed.), Exploring the phenomenon of suicide (pp. 211-251). Nova Science.  

Reference the whole book, not the individual chapter.

Example

Cook, S. (2007). Palliative care. Blackwell.

Note: If you want to draw attention to a particular chapter do this in-text.

Examples

• ... end of life care requires a range of decisions (Cook, 2007, Chapter 2).
•  In Chapter 2, Cook (2007) discusses the range of decisions required for end of life care.

For a dictionary/encyclopaedia entry when there is no author, place the title of the entry in the author's place followed by the Copyright date. Include the page number/s for the entry.

For a wikipedia entry or an online reference work that are continuously updated, use the abbreviaton (n.d.) for year of publication, also include the date of retrieval.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Title of entry. (Copyright date). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Format (Electronic) without a DOI 

Title of entry. (Copyright date). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). Publisher. https://xxxx

Title of entry. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL

Author. (n.d.). Title of entry. In Title of reference work. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL

Format (Print)

Title of entry. (Copyright date). In Editor (Ed.), Title of reference work (Edition, pp. pages). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Quality function deployment. (2014). In The lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare (p. 63). Productivity Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17714

Change management. (n.d.) In Wikipedia. Retrieved August 28, 2017, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Motivational interviewing. In APA dictionary of psychology. Retrieved October 30, 2019, from https://dictionary/apap.org/motivational-interviewing

Vein. (2002). In B. Hoare (Ed.), The Kingfisher A-Z encyclopedia (p. 350). Kingfisher.

Place the editor's name where the author would normally appear, followed by (Ed.) or (Eds.).

Note: Only use for anthologies, collected works, etc. For chapters/sections written by different authors in an edited book see chapter/section information.

Format (Electronic) with DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Editor (Ed.). (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

 Format (Electronic) without a DOI

Editor (Ed.). (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher. https://xxxx

Format (Print)

Editor (Ed.). (Copyright date). Title of book (Edition). Publisher.

Note: Use this format for an ebook from an academic database or an ebook reader, e.g., Kindle.

Examples

Adler, G., & Hull, R. F. C. (Eds.). (2014). Collected Works of C.G. Jung (Vol. 6). Princeton University Press. https://bit.ly/2QrDCkY

McDonald, L. (Ed.). (2005). Florence Nightingale on women, medicine, midwifery and prostitution. Wilfrid Laurier University Press.

Audio book - identical to ebook or printed version

If the DOI is not available, use the URL that the audiobook was downloaded from.

Format

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book. Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book. Publisher. https://xxxx

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book. Publisher.

Example

Lewisohn, M. (2013). Tune in: The Beatles: All these years. Random House Audio. https://www.penguinrandomhouseaudio.com/book/234785/tune-in/

 

Audio book  - abridged or different to ebook or printed version

If the DOI is not available, use the URL that the audiobook was downloaded from. 

Format

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book (Narrator, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Publisher. https://doi.org/xxx 

Author. (Copyright date). Title of book (Narrator, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Publisher. https://xxxx 

Example 

Levitin, D. J. (2007). This is your brain on music: The science of a human obession (E. Herrmann, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Penguin Audio. https://bit.ly/2QvJNED<

Kipling, R. (2000). Kim (M. Sharma, Narr.) [Audiobook]. Naxo AudioBooks. https://naxosaudiobooks.com/kim-abridged/ (Original work published 1901)

Note: This format can also be used when you wish to emphasise the Narrator.

• Avoidance is often encountered among staff who are undervalued in the workplace (Northouse, 2015). Another observation by Northouse (2015) is that avoidance can be counterproductive and lead to stress and conflict.

Note: If you use a Parenthetical Citation the first time, followed by a Narrative Citation, you need to repeat the date.

• Northouse (2015) argues that avoidance is often encountered among staff who are undervalued in the workplace. Northouse further claims that this can be counterproductive and lead to stress and conflict.

Note: If you use a Narrative Citation the first time, followed by another Narrative Citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a Parenthetical Citation the next time you need to include the date.

Use ‘and’ between the authors' surnames when they form part of the sentence. Use ‘&’ when they are enclosed within brackets.

• ... devastation of earthquakes (Peat & Lockyer, 2010). Tsunamis, according to Peat and Lockyer (2010), are ...

Note: If you use a Parenthetical Citation the first time, followed by a Narrative Citation, you need to repeat the date.

• Peat and Lockyer (2010) investigate why such events ... According to Peat and Lockyer, geography has an important part ...

Note: If you use a Narrative Citation the first time, followed by another Narrative Citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a Parenthetical Citation the next time you need to include the date.

Cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al.

• ... climatic extremes in New Zealand (Plummer et al., 1999). Plummer et al. (1999) discovered that drought conditions ...

Note: If you use a Parenthetical Citation the first time, followed by a Narrative Citation, you need to repeat the date.

• In a recent study, Plummer et al. (1999) found that precipitation had increased over this century. According to Plummer et al., climatic impacts are ...

Note: If you use a Narrative Citation the first time, followed by another Narrative Citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a Parenthetical Citation the next time you need to include the date.

Use the the name of the group as it appears in your reference list. However, the group name can be abbreviated. The first time cite the full name with the abbreviation. Subsequently only use the abbreviation. If the reader could be confused by the abbreviation use the full group name each time.

• Denmark has the most efficient process for property transfers (World Bank Group, 2016). The World Bank Group (2016) identified Greece as having the worst process with 10 different procedures needing to be completed before the property transfer is registered. 

Note: If you use a Parenthetical Citation the first time, followed by a Narrative Citation, you need to repeat the date.

• ... compensation guide (Accident Compensation Corporation [ACC], 1983). OR The Accident Compensation Corporation (ACC, 1983) gives guidance as to the employer's liability.

Subsequently cite the name of the group in the abbreviated form.

Employee accidents at work will receive compensation (ACC, 1983). ACC (1983) stated that liability is the responsibility of the employer. 

Note: If you use a Narrative Citation the first time, followed by another Narrative Citation, you can omit the date. But, if you use a Parenthetical Citation the next time you need to include the date.

For the title of the book/edited book use Title Case with italics.  For a long title use only the first few words.

• ... delivers an introduction to the study of women through feminism, social constructs and relationships (Reading Women's Lives, 1997). 
• Reading Women's Lives (1997) provides a greater understanding of the academic field of women's studies and the methods used.

Note: In the reference list use Sentence case i.e. only capitalise the first word of the title, first word of a subtitle or first word after a colon, plus proper nouns. 

Example:

Reading women's lives: An introduction to women's studies. (1997). Simon & Schuster Custom.

For the title of the entry in a dictionary/encyclopaedia use Title Case with double quotation marks.  For a long title use only the first few words.

• ... process that helps product teams understand customer requirements ("Quality Function Deployment", 2014). 
• "Quality Function Deployment" (2014) suggests that product teams need to understand customer requirements.

Note: In the reference list use Sentence case i.e. only capitalise the first word of the title, first word of a subtitle or first word after a colon, plus proper nouns. 

Example:

Quality function deployment. (2014). In The lean healthcare dictionary: An illustrated guide to using the language of lean management in healthcare (p. 63). https://doi.org/10.1201/b17714